A Debate Regarding School Boards - 818 Words

On April 26th, 2011, the Thomas Fordham Institute hosted a debate regarding school boards in the 21st century. Four panelists discussed the validity and importance of school boards. While the panelists disagreed on several points, all parties felt that school boards are still important in today’s society. Although school boards are still vital at a certain level, serious concerns were also presented during the panel discussion regarding the traditional practices of governance and localized centers of control within school boards today. Anne Bryant provides research-based studies, examples, and justification in favor of school boards. She outlined that effective school boards must have a shared vision, set tightly focused goals, utilize data, focus on policy, and focus and collaborate with all stakeholders. According to Bryant, school boards must connect to the community and the local taxpayers while boosting community engagement. While we agree that school boards must be concerned about student achievement, I appreciate that she also expressed the idea that most school boards do not believe in silver bullets and are caution in nature. I hesitate to support school boards because I feel they often tend to micromanage and feel the power to make sweeping policies even though they lack the significant scientific background of education. Her recognition that school boards often want reform, but know there are not quick fixes helped to reassure me of their intentions.Show MoreRelatedCanadian Education: Political Inf luence Behind High School Courses 1595 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The issue selected by my group revolves around the broad debate faced in Ontario high schools regarding the overall educational benefits of Academic versus Applied courses. The basis of our research will look into why applied high school courses are considered substandard in comparison to Academic courses. 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Warfare An Invention or a Biological Necessity - 776 Words

Warfare: an Invention or Biological? â€Å"Warfare is only an invention, not a biological necessity† - Margaret Mead Instinctivist theories on human aggressiveness often promote the notion that warfare is in the nature of humankind and therefore cannot be prevented. However Margaret Mead eloquently refuted this idea in her renowned essay Warfare: an Invention – Not a Biological Necessity. Mead states, â€Å"War is inevitable unless we change our social system and outlaw classes, the struggle for power, and possessions; and in the event of our success warfare would disappear, as a symptom vanishes when the disease is cured.† Through this statement Mead makes it clear that because aggression and subsequently warfare is a learned invention, it can be avoided. For the purposes of this essay, aggression will be defined as â€Å"a response that delivers noxious stimuli to another organism.† This essay will outline how and why aggression, and thus warfare, is not biological and is rather a behaviour that is learned as a reaction to social stimuli. Furthermore, it will be explained that violence is used by societies as a political weapon to achieve ostensible objectives. There are two main arguments supporting the idea that aggression and violence are biological and therefore inevitable in our world. In their essay Genetic Seeds of Warfare: Evolution, Nationalism and Patriotism, Paul Shaw and Wong Yuwa, in a darwinistic approach to human nature , argue that aggression is natural in the animalShow MoreRelatedWar Is An Invention Of Man Caused By The Aggression Instinct1531 Words   |  7 Pagesredundant amount of people have accepted inventions as attributes of humanity itself. In this case Mead stands against crowds who believe war is a biological necessity or a sociological inevitability, and argues that war is an invention of man caused by the aggression instinct. War becomes such a habit of man that different types of war spawn, because society resorts to war regularly. Mead believes war is inevitable, unless war is destroyed by a better invention built through humanity itself. To acceptRead MoreWhat Causes War1271 Words   |  5 PagesIs war an invention or is it a biological need? We engaged in this intriguing argument with several view. Some scholars tried to proof that warfare is a biological necessity but others assert that war is something that is created. A number of studies define warfare as an act of violence, a struggle, or a test of ability between groups, for a particular end. However, the general conception remains that war is inevitable and is universal. Generalization about this particular phenomenon may be problematicRead MoreEssay on Clearly Pacifist, Clearly Credible1139 Words   |  5 Pagesnot make this assumption. In fact, she denies its credibility in her essay â€Å"Warfare is Only an Invention – Not a Biological Necessity.† In this essay, Margaret Mead combines a great deal of logos and ethos with limited pathos to support her pacifist claim that warfare is merely an invention of man, and not a need found in the v ery nature of man. While Mead’s claim does not agree with the most common beliefs about warfare, its mixture of logos and ethos is as strong as the bricks and mortar of aRead MoreTheories on War1060 Words   |  5 Pageskills one man, he is condemned as unrighteous and must pay for his crime with his own life†¦ if he kills a hundred men, he is a hundred times as unrighteous and should pay for his crime with a hundred lives† (254). 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It was geographical advantages that allowed Europeans to gain the guns, germs, and steel, that enabled them to be a world power.â€Æ' Chapter 1: Up To The Starting Line This chapter starts off by explaining the evolution of the first humanRead MoreTechnology and Its Impact on Society2160 Words   |  9 PagesMankind has evolved from the essence that separates humans from beasts: the ability to use the mind for reason. Reason is the ability to analyze, create, deduce, and formulate. It is reason that enables human beings to strive to invent; it is through invention that mankind has developed society and created a better world. we could say that technology is the sum total of instrumentally useful culturallytransmissible information. Technology, a word with Greek origins, is defined as, â€Å"the practical applicationRead MoreTechnology and Its Impact on Society2170 Words   |  9 PagesMankind has evolved from the essence that separates humans from beasts: the ability to use the mind for reason. Reason is the ability to analyze, create, deduce, and formulate. It is reason that enables human beings to strive to invent; it is through invention that mankind has developed society and created a better world. we could say that technology is the sum total of instrumentally useful culturallytransmissible information. Technology, a word with Greek origins, is defined as, â€Å"the practical application

How To Rent A Car @Australia

Question: Prepare a marketing plan should contain the entire business start up rquired for the ENTERPRISE RENT A CAR in Brisbane Australia. Answer: AIM The aim of this academic paper is to develop a marketing plan for Enterprise- Rent a Car, a car rent firm that emphasizes on business to customers, short-term rentals, business to business, which is less than one year. This marketing plan will exclude the rent of commercial vehicles like trucks and vans and will consider only the cars. The marketing plan will focus on the identifying the target audience, segmentation, targeting and positioning, marketing mix, and present situational analysis and will also determine the marketing budget. SCOPE This report gives an extensive marketing plan for Enterprise- Rent a Car in Brisbane, Australia: It details the micro environment analysis of the organization using the SWOT tool It also offers the details of marketing mix analysing the 7Ps of marketing; product, price, promotion, place, People, Physical attributes and Process The report details the segmentation, targeting and positioning strategies of the organization It also provides the marketing budget for the organization COMPANY BACKGROUND Enterprise-Rent a Car was founded by Jack Taylor in 1957. It is one of the privately owned businesses that emphasizes on effective communication and best quality customer service. The philosophy of the enterprise is to take care of their employees and customers who would help them to increase their profit. Enterprise-rent a Car is a multinational organization with around 8200 rental offices on 7 different countries like Spain, France, Germany, Ireland, Canada and United States. This organization manages all its branches in a decentralized way where all the decisions are individually taken by the managers to meet the needs of the customers. The Enterprise is located in 370 locations covering over 90% of the UK and branches are located in every 10miles. It mainly offers car at a rent for both business and private use and also provides replacement vehicles in case of any accident. CURRENT SITUATION ANALYSIS Internal Analysis Mission: The main strategy of the Enterprise is to meet the mission of Jack Taylor Take care of your customers and employees first, and profits will follow. The main elements of the business are promotion, motivation and long term loyalty. The key element of the Enterprise-Rent a Car business is to develop long-term relationship with their potential customers by delivering the best service. Offering: The main product of the Enterprise- rent a car is to give car on short term rental basis for both business and personal use. They also help their customers by providing replacement vehicles in case of accidents. Further, motivation is the key of the business that helps the employees to deliver the best customer service and also support personal growth by providing incentives, achievement and efforts. The main objective of the business is to develop new opportunities and also open up new branches for present employees. External Analysis Political/Legal: Australia is the most significant MNC market in the Asia-Pacific region. The growing economy of Australia has stable business and political environment with multi-lingual and educated workforce. These factors make Brisbane, Australia as one of the sophisticated market and also enable, Enterprise to drive technology and innovation in the organization. However, it is to be noted that the state regulation towards the public transport sector have various limitations which might have negative impact on the industry. Further, consumers might get frustrated with the high taxes around 18% and 20% near branch and airport locations respectively. Social: The ageing population, especially the baby boomers are entering their retirement age, have a great impact on the business, as they might prefer having the rental car system while visiting the places, for maintaining easy mobility. Since people are getting busy and are tome-poor, so they are looking for time efficient way in the city to avoid delay. This business would help these people to reach the places earlier as they want. However, the consumer tend is changing. They have different tastes on vehicles for different purposes. They prefer different models and makes for different purpose like for business, hanging around with family, hanging around with friends etc. Economical: The confidences of the consumers are decreasing due to the economic downturn where people are looking for the savings in their day to day life. Thus they do not prefer to buy their own cars. This business would help to those people who do not have enough money their own cars. However, the increase in the petrol prices might let the buyers for not renting the cars instead they would prefer trains or buses. Further, if both the families are working, then the average disposal income would easily help them to buy their own cars. Thus increase in the people buying own private cars have a negative impact on the business. Further, the economies of scale, strategic alliances and mergers, excess capacity also have impact on the business. Technological: Latest technologies would help lead innovation, improve quality and also reduce cost. Rapid development in the computer technologies and communication would help the business to rent new eco-friendly cars that would help the people to protect the environment. Technological factors like plant efficiency, safety and e-commerce would help people to make the rental process more easy and convenient. This would help to attract the market highly. Environmental: The environment factors mainly involve the climate and the weather change. The temperature changes have a strong impact on the company. However, the rising demand for protecting the environment has a strong impact on the organization for example, renting hybrid cars, electric cars etc this would also help to develop business opportunities and also demand patterns. MARKET ANALYSIS Over the past few years, the Car rental industry has been rebounding strongly from the serious impact of global financial crisis. The sentiments of the consumers and the confidence of the business have been affected due to the financial crisis, reducing the demand of rental cars and vehicle leasing. Due to improve in the economic condition, the demand of the tourists for the domestic holidays, novated vehicle leasing has influenced the business. In the year 2005, the growth of car-rental market in US have approximately raised to 7% and in the year 2010, the growth valued to $25.7billion which was approximately increase by 6%. This shows that the rental car industry is facing a slow growth rate. There are various factors that drive the car-rental businesss competitive position in the market. Not only the pricing factors are playing role in the competitive market but also the long-term profitability and the value system is also playing a vital role in the business. Additionally, there are many organizations which are shifting their business focus from airline operations to the car-rental operations (Busse Swinkels, 2012). However, the threat of new entrants is low as the market share of the car-rent business has increased. Further, the substitutes to the car-rental industry are many like the private cars, other transportations like train and buses due to high petrol prices etc. It is to be noted that suppliers in this industry do not have important significance in supplying the cars. Thus the supplier power is low. Further, the buying power of the buyers is low, as the rental car agents already fix their sales prices lower according to the customer needs. Source: Made By Author The major competitors of the Enterprise- Rent a Car are Vanguard Car Rental USA, Hertz Corporation and Cendant Corporation. The major competitors of the industry in United States are the Avis Group Holdings Inc, which is the subsidiary of Cendant Corporation. However, in the year 2005, due to fierce competition, the leasing revenues of Cendant have been negatively impacted the organization, the Hertz became the global leader in US. Since, Enterprise- Rent a Car, would like to expand in Brisbane, Australia, it is to be noted that the rental industry in Australia is highly competitive. The rental vehicle sector comprises of atleast 1800 businesses that offers similar product in the market. SWOT ANALYSIS Strength: Strong brand: The Enterprise Rent-A-Car is one of the largest growing car rental organizations in United States. The company focuses on providing the customers with the replacement vehicle or cars during specific occasion. Since the inception of the organization, the organization is growing highly. In the year 1970 the rental units had hit to 5000 and then slowly the organization began offering insurance products, maintenance and fuel. It also started expanding its operation in Canada, UK etc. High Growth: Presently it operates around 713000 vehicles with more than 120 models and different makes. It has around 7000 rental offices and 230 operate near airport location of Ireland, Germany, UK, Canada and United States. The annual growth of the organization has risen from $9.04 billion to $13.1billion. Weakness: Capital Intensive Operation: This Car rental operation is one of the most capital intensive business as it require large amount expensive equipments, buy all type of different model cars according to the taste of the customers to meet their demand. Further it would also require high labor thus labor cost also gets added to the expense. No one-way rental facility: In various domestic branches, the one-way car rentals are not permitted and this eliminates the opportunity of niche group. High Maintenance Cost: The cars need high maintenance cost. Opportunity: Growing Demand: Consumers are demanding the rental vehicles for various purposes. The demand of the rental vehicles has a strong impact on pricing flexibility and also rental vehicles cost which has a strong impact in attracting the tourists and also increases the performance of the states. It is forecasted that the global industry is likely to increase to $67.6 billion 2017 with around 3.5% around 5 years (Researchandmarkets.com, 2012). Use of latest technologies: Increasing concern towards the environment have increased the concern towards the utilizing the technologies. Adopting eco-friendly strategy would help to business to solve the environmental issues. Technologies like GPS tracking facility, E-Commerce sites would help the customers to make the rental process easily (Pretty, n.d.). Threat: Rise in fuel prices: Consumers are watching fluctuation in the prices of flue. This has a significant affect on the competition, supply and demand in the industry (Caltex.com, 2015). Intense Competition: The industry is facing huge competition with around 1800 business in Australia. Enterprise Rent-A-Car has to fight with both global and domestic service companies in this industry. SEGMENTATION Brisbane is one of the most premier shopping center in Australia. It is a multi-cultural hub with around 2.2million population. It has the largest growth rate population in Australia. The accommodation in Brisbane is affordable due to less inner city population compared to Melbourne and Sydney (Studybrisbane.com.au, 2015). Based on this analysis, three different segments can be chosen for the Enterprise Rent- A-Car. The three Segments include: Local Customers (The residents of Brisbane city) Business Executives Tourists (Couples and families with their children) Local Customer is the small segment that would help to produce only 10% revenue. They might utilize the vehicle as a temporary car. The residential drives of age 25-45 would be rented with the cars. They generally demand low price for hiring car may be for the sake of status or maintain relationship. This helps the organization to spread WOM, as they might recommend the organization to the family and friends. Secondly, the Business Category, where especially the Corporate Contracts or the Executives will be targeted of age 30-45 old which would generate 20% of the revenue. Targeting this segment would help for Buzz marketing as they might provide reference that would help the organization for future contracts. Generally companies looking for car rental for official purposes, this would help to develop corporate contracts. Thirdly, the tourist people from different countries would visit Brisbane or Australia for their entertainment and fun. Sometimes couples, especially the honeymoon travelers might visit the place. This is the major segment that the organization would be focusing on. It would deliver around 70% of revenue to the organization. They would be offered with the best service that would help to create loyalty. If the couples are highly satisfied with the service then they might later on come with their families. TARGET MARKET There are three different types of targeting strategies that the Enterprise Rent-A-Car can focus on. This includes the differentiated, concentrated or the undifferentiated targeting strategies. The differentiated targeting strategy mainly focuses on offering various products with different marketing mixes, the concentrated targeting strategy focuses on providing a single product to a single market segment, that is the niche marketing and the undifferentiated strategy in which the fir produces single product with single marketing mix (Pride Ferrell, 2014). Analyzing the different segments, it is recommended that the Enterprise Rent-A-Car can utilize the differentiated targeting strategy. Providing different product choices to different segment would help t provide customized products to the customers. This would help to increase satisfaction level of the consumer group. Through this targeting strategy, the organization can also remain competitive in the market also specialize in providing different cars. However, one thing that the organization must focus on is that this targeting strategy would require higher marketing cost, inventory cost and also production cost. POSITIONING The positioning strategy of the Enterprise- Rent-A-Car will be differentiate the firm from its major competitors by utilizing intrinsic competitive advantages by being international brand. The firm has the choice for partnering with the most international airline brands and also hotel for creating package. Further, the Enterprise can also use the bundle selling there they can offer several products with a single product. The firm can also use the online platform for marketing their product and services. Further, the organization differentiates itself by motivating the employees to offer the best services to its potential customers (Lovelock, 2008). To retain this, the organization must ensure that the personnel are respectful, friendly and courteous to the customers. They must serve the customers with accuracy and consistency. Since effective communication is the key to success of the organization, this helps the personnel to understand the customers easily, respond to the issues of the customers and solve them easily. The figure below shows the perpetual mapping measuring the position of the brand with the price and service (Morritt, 2007): Source: Made By Author OBJECTIVES The objective of this present marketing plan is to raise the market share of the Enterprise Rent-A-Car by 10% within next 3years. To meet this goals the organization would focus on marketing penetration strategy. The success factors for this are the web site, customer service, the reliable cars, customer service, competitive price and location. Through the external audit and competitive analysis would help the organization to compare the CFSs with the others in the car rental market. Further, the SWOT analysis would help the firm to perform effectively in the market by identifying the threats and opportunities. To increase the market share of the organization, the firm would focus on adding new vehicles from March 2014. There is a need of 15% increase in the promotional expenditure to make the target market aware of the services. The collection of new model would help the organization to generate approx 20% increase in its market share by targeting the customers from age 25-25 as a whole. It is expected that the generated revenue will help to increase the sales by 20% by the mid of FY-2015. Next objective is to increase the customer satisfaction level. Surveys will be conducted from the consumers to understand the demand of the customers and their awareness about the organization and also the service. Even the surveys will be conducted from the existing customers of Enterprise Rent- A-Car which would help the organization to understand the satisfaction level. The collection of vehicles will give the consumers with new entertainment experiences. The extra services and amenities will raise the satisfaction level and also the loyalty of the customers. MARKETING STRATEGIES PRODUCT Enterprise Rent-A-Car has been offering wide range of car rental services in Brisbane, Australia. The company offers SUVs and other cars for satisfying the need f the customers. There are major three types of car services and the customers can choose anyone from the Green, Fun and Prestige collection. The organization focuses on providing convenience as well as comfort to its clients. The products of the organization have been designed for satisfying the personal preference to the customers (Stremersch and Tellis, 2002). It has been found that the car rental industry of Brisbane is significantly competitive due to presence of large number of market rivals. Hence, Enterprise Rent-A-Car has emphasized on offering similar products to the target market with a personalized service. Assistance will be provided to the customers in case of roadside accidents and troubles. Technicians will reach the customers if any issues take place during the drive. The superior service of the firm will hel p in differentiating the product from its competitors. Thus the company will be able to achieve competitive advantage (Helm and Gritsch, 2014). PRICE Price is a major component for ensuring success of a product. There is various pricing strategy for the organizations. The pricing strategy needs to be chosen on by analyzing the nature of industry, competition, start up cost of the company, future plans etc (Maglaras and Meissner, 2006). It has been found that the car rental industry is extensively competitive. In order to compete with the potential market rivals Enterprise Rent A Car needs to adopt an appropriate pricing strategy(Prasad, Venkatesh and Mahajan, 2014). In order to enter the market and gain significant market share, penetration pricing strategy will be effective (Schade and Schlag, 2003). The price of the products must be similar as its competitor. It may seem to be difficult or the company to offer same price as its competitors because the existing market rivals have achieved economies of scale. However, the low price can be compensated trough greater volume of sales (Spann, Fischer and Tellis, 2014). Later, the comp any can adopt competitive pricing strategy once they achieve economies of scale. The customer must feel that they are getting value for money (Sheehan, 2011). PROMOTION The promotional activities of business are the major factor which will be responsible for communicating about the major products and offers of the organization(Delre et al., 2007). Promotional activities help in communicating with the target market so that they can get to know about the company, products and price. Broad range of promotional activities will be adopted by Enterprise Rent-A-Car. First of all, marketing brochures will be published and sent to various business houses and organizations. The business organizations frequently need to hire cars. Hence, they can be easily converted into the clients of Enterprise Rent-A-Car. Individual promotional mils need to be sent to the target market to communicate regarding the product and superior service offered by the company. Postcards can be sent via mail in order to enhance communication with the target market (Helm and Gritsch, 2014). Advertising is an effective promotional tool and will be adopted for Enterprise Rent-A-Car. Radio advertisement of 30 seconds will be broadcasted in the popular channels. 100 advertisements will be broadcasted between 6 am to 6 pm and 50 advertisements will be broadcasted on air between 6 pm to 6 am. Newspaper advertisement is also an effective medium for reaching the target market. Advertisements will be published in Courier mail from Monday to Saturday on 10 Sundays advertisement will be published on U on Sunday. Lifestyle magazines will be chosen for publishing advertisements. Two types of Billboards will be considered in the prime locations of the Brisbane city for 4 weeks to publish the advertisements. Internet advertisements are found to be very effective. Google Adwords will helps in searching the name of the company on internet (Delre et al., 2007). Public relations are also an effective mechanism of promotional activities. Enterprise Rent-A-Car can organize two charitable events in the first year of operation. It will engage significant number of people. Additionally, employee promotions will be undertaken. Sponsorships to the local events will be effective (Sheehan, 2011). PLACE Place is also an important aspect of marketing mix. It is important to ensure that the customers can easily access the service at any time. The distribution of the service needs to be in a prominent location so that the target market can approach it easily. First of all, the customers can come to the city office in Brisbane for availing the service. The location of the office must have a good connectivity. Additionally, they can be contacted though telephone and e-mail for booking cars. Moreover, the customers must be offered to do online booking. Hence, an e-platform must be established in order to interact with the customers(Winer, 2004). The present trend has depicted that online booking has been increasing over the time and becoming very popular among the business people and travelers. Online booking of a car is hassle free as well as fast(Azadi and Rahimzadeh, 2012). Hence, it will be easier for the customers to hire cars online as it could be done from anywhere, anytime. PEOPLE The people refer to the individuals who are indirectly or directly involved with the services like the customers and the employees. Like the customers of this services involve, the local visitors, the business executive and the tourists. Employees act as the service providers who are mainly involved in the real time services (Brassington Pettitt, 2005). PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES The physical evidence mainly refers to the service environment in which the interaction between the customer and the seller is conducted. The physical evidence here includes the condition of the cars, the equipments used to maintain the cars, the business cards used, presence of internet, credit or debit cards (Lovelock, 2010). PROCESS Process mainly refers the flow of activities, mechanisms, procedures that will help to deliver the service effectively. Since the services are the actions or performances for the customers, the Enterprise Rent- A-Car would involve series of activities and steps like membership for the loyal customers, would try to implement one-way rental etc. The implementation of E-commerce site and mobile application process would also help the customers to book the vehicle anytime (Awara Anyadighibe, 2014). Marketing Budget Particulars Estimated Quantity Estimated Cost per Unit Estimated Total Cost Research Research Firm Fees 2 $1,500.00 $ 3,000.00 Independent Research 3 $300.00 $ 900.00 Online Research 1 $900.00 $ 900.00 Total Cost of Research $ 4,800.00 Networking Activities Memberships 30 $30.00 $ 900.00 Total Cost of Networking $900.00 Promotions Product giveaways 100 $ 6.00 $ 600.00 Discounts 100 $50.00 $5,000.00 Seasonal Special Offers 30 $100.00 $ 3,000.00 Total Cost of Promotional Activities $8,600.00 Advertising Brochures 100 $0.15 $15.00 Mailings 1000 $ 3.40 $ 3,400.00 Postcards 2000 $0.70 $1,400.00 Internet Advertisements (Google Ad words) 3000 $0.40 $1,200.00 Radio Advertisements (6 am to 6 pm) 30 sec 100 $180.00 $18,000.00 Radio Advertisements (6 pm to 6 am) 30 sec 50 $140.00 $7,000.00 Newspaper Advertisements (Courier Mail) Mon - Fri (1/4 th page) 5 $ 4,579.00 $22,895.00 Newspaper Advertisements (Courier Mail) Sat (1/4 th page) 8 $ 5,712.00 $45,696.00 U on Sunday 10 $ 6,567.00 $ 65,670.00 Magazine Advertisements (Quarter Page) 4 $ 4,675.00 $18,700.00 Magazine Advertisements (Half Page) 2 $12,000.00 $24,000.00 Magazine Advertisements (Third Page) 1 $ 6,650.00 $6,650.00 Billboards (Size 3.00 X 3.00 m) 4 $ 1,050.00 $4,200.00 Billboards (Size 3.00 X 6.00 m) 5 $1,750.00 $8,750.00 Total Cost of Advertising $227,576.00 Public Relations Charitable Events 2 $8,000.00 $ 16,000.00 Employee Promotions 3 $10,500.00 $31,500.00 Advertising 5 $ 14,525.00 $72,625.00 Sponsorships 4 $ 7,500.00 $30,000.00 Total Cost of Public Relations $150,125.00 Sales and Marketing Executives Salary 2 $ 40,000.00 $80,000.00 Incentives 2 $ 14,000.00 $28,000.00 Total Cost of Sales and Marketing Executives $108,000.00 Total Marketing Cost $ 500,001.00 REFERENCES Awara, N., Anyadighibe, J. (2014). An Appraisal of Strategies and Challenges of Services Marketing in a Globalized Business Environment. International Journal Of Managerial Studies And Research, 2(9), 32-38. Azadi, S. and Rahimzadeh, E. (2012). Developing Marketing Strategy for Electronic Business by Using McCarthy's Four Marketing Mix Model and Porters Five Competitive Forces.emaj, 2(2). Brassington, F., Pettitt, S. (2005). Essentials of marketing. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall Financial Times, an imprint of Pearson Education. Busse, M., Swinkels, J. (2012). Enterprise Rent-A-Car. [Evanston, IL]: Kellogg School of Management. Caltex.com,. (2015). Determining Fuel Prices - Understand Why Fuel Prices Fluctuate- Caltex. Retrieved 17 January 2015. Delre, S., Jager, W., Bijmolt, T. and Janssen, M. (2007). Targeting and timing promotional activities: An agent-based model for the takeoff of new products.Journal of Business Research, 60(8), pp.826-835. Helm, R. and Gritsch, S. (2014). Examining the influence of uncertainty on marketing mix strategy elements in emerging business to business export-markets.International Business Review, 23(2), pp.418-428. Lovelock, C. (2008). Services marketing People, Technology, Strategy (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Lovelock, C. (2010). Services marketing (5th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Maglaras, C. and Meissner, J. (2006). Dynamic Pricing Strategies for Multiproduct Revenue Management Problems.Manufacturing Service Operations Management, 8(2), pp.136-148. Morritt, R. (2007). Segmentation strategies for hospitality managers. New York: Haworth Press. Prasad, A., Venkatesh, R. and Mahajan, V. (2014). Product bundling or reserved product pricing? Price discrimination with myopic and strategic consumers.International Journal of Research in Marketing. Pretty, T. New Technologies Being Utilised In The Car Hire Industry. Streetdirectory.com. Retrieved 17 January 2015. Pride, W., Ferrell, O. (2014). Foundations of Marketing (6th ed., pp. 117-120). Cengage Learning. Researchandmarkets.com,. (2012). Global Car Rental Industry 2012-2017: Trend, Profit, and Forecast Analysis. Retrieved 17 January 2015. Schade, J. and Schlag, B. (2003). Acceptability of urban transport pricing strategies.Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 6(1), pp.45-61. Sheehan, B. (2011).Marketing management. Lausanne, Switzerland: AVA Pub. Spann, M., Fischer, M. and Tellis, G. (2014). Skimming or Penetration? Strategic Dynamic Pricing for New Products.Marketing Science, p.150102090139005. Stremersch, S. and Tellis, G. (2002). Strategic Bundling of Products and Prices: A New Synthesis for Marketing.Journal of Marketing, 66(1), pp.55-72. Studybrisbane.com.au,. (2015). Facts and Figures. Retrieved 17 January 2015. Winer, R. (2004).Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Sustainability free essay sample

Globalisation and technological advancements have caused high levels of isibility of companys supply chains and so unsustainable practices could negatively affect them with controversy, consumer pressure, financial loss and poor reputation compared to competing businesses. This has led organisations needing to become more aware of their supply chain management and the social, economic and environmental impacts of their supply network (NZBCSD, 2003). Initially, sustainability would solely be associated with environmental factors comprising of the use of the planets resources and preserving them for future generations. In 1987, the WCED defined it simply as meeting the needs of the resent without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The concept of sustainability has changed somewhat in recent times and more specific definition is Sustainability creates and maintains the conditions under which humans and nature can exist in productive harmony, that permit fulfilling the social, economic and other requirements of present and future generations (USEPA, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainability or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This makes reference to the theory of the three pillars, also known as the triple bottom line model (figure 1). It is a common method of assessing sustainability nd rather than being independent of each other, the dimensions overlap so to achieve long-term sustainability, all three aspects need to be satisfied simultaneously. These factors are also thought to be order qualifiers, in that for a business to compete with another, it has to achieve a minimum level of performance for economic, social and environmental dimensions (Seuring Muller, 2008). Economic aspects imply building a strong, stable and sustainable economy which provides prosperity and opportunities for all. Social sustainability is ensuring a strong and healthy society whereby the needs of all people are met, promoting ersonal wellbeing, social cohesion and inclusion, and creating equal opportunity for all. Environmental sustainability is respecting the limits of the planets environment and resources, in addition to looking to improve our environment and ensure that the natural resources needed for life are unaffected and remain so for future generations (Elkington, 1997). In this assignment, sustainable supply chains will be evaluated, therefore we will define sustainability in relation to sustainable supply chain management (SSCM), which is the management of environmental, social and conomic impacts, and the encouragement of good governance practices, throughout the lifecycles of goods and services (United Nations Global Compact, 2010). A supply network consists ot all the processes and operations within an organisation linked together to eventually provide a product for the consumer. For an organisation to be sustainable, the individual strands in the network, known as supply chains, have to be too, which includes all of the operations and processes within them (Slack, et al. , 2004). The objective of SSCM is to create, protect and grow long-term environmental, ocial and economic value for all stakeholders involved in bringing products and services to market (UN Global Compact, 2010). One of the challenges for a supply chain manager is to develop a strategy that integrates competitive and corporate strategy, supply chain strategy and sustainability at each stage of the supply chain. The areas to consider for supply chain strategy are that social, economic and environmental factors influence business environment factors like customers, competitors, suppliers and investors. These determine the corporate and competitive trategy, which affects the supply chain strategy and its partners, processes and systems in place. These define the volume of SC operations including transport, warehousing and production. Supply chain operations cause direct effects to society, the economy and the environment like energy consumption, emissions and waste. The Ten Principles of Supply Chain Sustainability (UN Global Compact and Business for Social Responsibility 2010) The table above outlines the ten principles given by Global Compact (2010) for developing a sustainable supply chain and what businesses should engage their uppliers around to achieve sustainability. These principles can be built on to further develop the supply chain and the level of sustainability it is reaching. A flexible framework has been created which is now used when creating a sustainable supply chain. It is called the Global Compact Management Model and three principles; governance, transparency and engagement, are essential to each step in it. The first step is to establish a vision and objectives for sustainability within the company and then analyse business priorities and the impact of achieving this. Engagement with uppliers is then needed to determine objectives with them and help improve performance. Partnerships can be created and internal follow-ups will be ongoing so that adjustments can be made if necessary. Figure 3: Adapted from (UN Global Compact, 2010) to show the Global Compact Management Model There are a variety of behavioural characteristics of sustainable supply chains that could be considered crucial for companies to implement if they want to reach certain sustainability objectives. The first being partnership supply relationships. If a company has a poor relationship with either suppliers or ustomers then the business will not survive in the long-term. Short-term measures can be made to prevent instant collapse but without a solid network base the business cannot be sustained. A business needs to establish a strong connection with its suppliers so they can formulate objectives together and then look to continuously improve their supply chain in the way of productivity, distribution, manutacturing and cost efficiency. The business can ensure minimum standards in management practices are met including minimum hiring age, contracts with workers, health and safety conditions and incentives for exceptional performances.

To investigate and understand the relationship between the kinetic energy and stopping distance of a toy car Essay Example

To investigate and understand the relationship between the  kinetic energy and stopping distance of a toy car Essay Example To investigate and understand the relationship between the  kinetic energy and stopping distance of a toy car Essay To investigate and understand the relationship between the  kinetic energy and stopping distance of a toy car Essay I predict that the when the vehicle is tested at 10 books high there will be a greater amount of gravitational potential energy than at 5 books high, which will be converted into kinetic energy when the car is released; giving the car a longer stopping distance.I think the cars at 10 books high will travel further. I think that the times taken for the cars to stop at both heights will be similar but in general the 5 books will take longer time to stop. I think that the heaviest car will travel the furthest distance.Fair Test:I will make my test fair by:* Instead of trying to push the cars from their stationary positions, I will place them all onto the ramp and let them go, so that no cars have an unfair head start.* Also I will make sure that the starting positions of all of the cars is the same and this will be done by marking a starting line on the ramps.* By measuring the height and angle of 5 books and 10 books so that when continuing the experiment no car would have an advantage * By using the same ramp to keep consistencyMethod:1. Collect equipment and assemble as shown in diagram.2. Choose 5 books to put under ramp3. Get a toy car and weigh it4. Release car from the top of the ramp5. Use a stopwatch to time the how long it takes the car to stop6. Measure the length travelled by the toy car7. Repeat Steps 3-5 twice more8. Repeat Steps 3-6 with 10 books underneath the ramp9. Repeat Steps 3-7 using another car10. Repeat Steps 3-8 using a third car11. Record results12. Pack upResults:Length (metres)Time (secs)Weight (grams)Red Car5 books high1st1.964:8434.52nd1.834:973rd1.884:4010 books high1st2.954:752nd2.874:543rd2.064:60Blue Car10 books high1st2.153:6540.32nd2.173:623rd2.304:285 books high1st1.774:652nd1.714:813rd1.524:79Yellow Car10 books high1st2.533:9252.92nd2.204:123rd2.003:495 books high1st1.584:492nd1.634:743rd1.413:90ObservationsFrom this experiment I have observed that more the amount of gravitational potential energy there is then when converted i nto kinetic energy and the car is released there is a longer stopping distance.The cars molecules have very weak bonds with other molecules. When the two surfaces come close together, the forces make them act as if they are slightly sticky, and this will also slow down the rolling movement by acting as a brake. Inertia is the thing that makes it difficult to make a big mass start to move or stop it once it is moving. If the car is stationary then you have to use a force to overcome its inertia and get it to move. If the car is moving then you have to use a force to overcome its inertia and stop it moving.Conclusion:I conclude that the relationship between the stopping distance and kinetic energy is that the more of the kinetic energy that there is, the longer the stopping distance.The fastest car was the yellow car on all three attempts. The yellow car was also our heaviest car. The greater the mass, the larger the acceleration needed to slow it down. As the force of friction is not increasing all that much in proportion to the increased mass, the more mass an object has, the longer it will take to decelerate and the longer its braking distance will be.There are 2 sorts of friction. These are static and dynamic friction in order for the cars to move they had to overcome both of these.

Argumentation research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Argumentation - Research Paper Example This dichotomy causes large debates over the discourse of Hip Hop in the society. Hip Hop uses a very violent language that many people find inappropriate. Indeed, the first performers used to mainly employ lyrics portraying young blacks killing police officers. This violent speech finds many detractors and causes much debate in the media and the society in general. However, with the new revolution, the violent narratives shifted from killing police men to killing other blacks. Despite this change in perspectives, the violent rhetoric is still present as artists depict the killings between black gangs and their journey in prison cells. Jeffrey Ogbar reveals that the change in the narratives decreases the negative stereotypes of blacks and that the lyrics represent not only an artistic expression but also some realities (98). Even though the new Hip Hop revolution does not portray anymore the killings of police officers, it still depicts another form of violence. Many people still fin d their language offensive because the lyrics expose much violence regardless of what form it takes. In addition to the violent language deemed shocking for most, the derogatory narratives directed towards women also cause much frustration and generate large debates. Actually, Black women find the lyrics in Hip Hop about them highly offensive. This article informs: â€Å"The countless negative portrayals of Black women in hip-hop videos and song lyrics could be compiled on a very long list. And yet to some, it’s taken a long time to engage the Black community in a serious discourse about the more divisive, derisive aspects of hip-hop music and culture† (Keels). This anger generated by these lyrics creates a deep crisis in the black community since women see these performers as mainly interested in money but not in the image of their community. Black women severely criticize the language used in Hip Hop that does not encourage good behavior or even reflect good morals. The lyrics about violence, drugs and sex make these women worried, especially because children tend to view these artists as role models. The author adds: â€Å"Women express their deep mconcern about the emergence of gangsta rap and its lyrics that flagrantly glorified thuggery, violence, drug abuse and vile, demeaning attitudes about and actions towards women, especially African-Americans† (Keels). The language used to portray Black women makes them very frustrated as they become the target of groups that violate their privacy and their integrity through very offensive lyrics. Furthermore, some language used in Hip Hop has also been found mostly derogatory by both white and black people. For instance, the word â€Å"nigger† that reflects a vey painful past characterized by slavery and racial segregation was almost banished from vocabulary but has been reestablished in Hip Hop language. The use of the word in Hip Hop clips and videos creates both frustration and uneas iness in communities because it represents a reminder of the past. This article notes: â€Å"The overwhelming majority of rappers are African Americans and most white people would be surprised to find the hated word ‘nigger’ used so freely. However, words that might be inappropriate for outsiders to use are commonly employed by those within a group. So too with

Food and Culture Individual Country Project Lab Report

Food and Culture Individual Country Project - Lab Report Example which took place between Mexico and the US, which took place between 1846 and 1848, in which the US was attempting to take control over independent Texas. In the end, the US army defeated the Mexican leading to the signing of the peace treaty between Texas, New Mexico and California in which Mexico lost its land by almost a half. The events that took place in Mexico right from independence fostered the economic, political and social assimilation of different social groups contained by the nation and made the state and nation building stronger. The most relevant civil wars that took place that made a lot of significance in Mexican history are the Mexican Revolution that took place in 1910. The war led to an estimated loss of life of about one million Mexicans. The war ultimately ended with the formation of the new constitution at the beginning 1917, but it still lasted a few decades before peace to finally set in the nation. The reconstruction after the revolution affected all aspects of the society and gave a totally new significance to the nation. Put simply, the Mexican culture simply stands out from other cultures. The differences and variations that one can find in Mexico can be incomprehensible. Mexican people are generally renowned for their artistic and creative nature. In addition, they take such pride when it comes to culinary matters. It is not strange to find people in a hot debate about food. It is what defines them as a culture. The dances are also unique to the nation only, although most modern societies are adopting them and changing them in one way or another (Sanchez, 28). Unlike their neighbors, the dominant language in Mexico is Spanish, which can be said to be as a consequence of being colonized by Spain. Mexico possesses a comprehensive and refined culinary culture, with a vast variety of local dishes. However, there are three main common dishes that constitute the heart of most Mexican foods: beans, corn and hot peppers or as commonly